System and method for client communication in a distributed telephony network

ABSTRACT

A system and method for selecting a client gateway device to establish a path between client devices is provided. A method includes associating a first client gateway device of a first geographic region and a second client gateway device of a second geographic region with a first communication endpoint of a first client device, and associating a third client gateway device with a second client device, wherein the third client gateway device is a gateway of the first geographic region. The method also includes receiving a communication invitation directed to the first communication endpoint from the second client device via the third client gateway device, and responsive to receiving the communication invitation, selecting one of the first client gateway device or the second client gateway device. The method further includes establishing a communication path between the second client device and the first client device via the selected client gateway device and the third client gateway device.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation application of co-pending U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 16/845,085, filed Apr. 10, 2020, which is acontinuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/054,883, filed Aug.3, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,686,694, which is a continuation of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 15/376,087, filed Dec. 12, 2016, how U.S.Pat. No. 10,063,461, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser.No. 14/539,877, filed Nov. 12, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,553,799, whichclaims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/902,995, filedon Nov. 12, 2013, each of which is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates generally to the telephony field, and morespecifically to a new and useful system and method for clientcommunication in a distributed telephony network.

BACKGROUND

In recent years, innovations in the web application and Voice overInternet Protocol (VOIP) have brought about considerable changes to thecapabilities offered through traditional phone services. In somedistributed or cloud-based telephony systems, the routing of audio,video, or other media files can be determined or limited by the locationand/or availability of the appropriate computing resources. In someinstances, some or all of the callers reside in the same region,country, or continent as the bulk of the computing resources, therebypromoting increased call quality. However, if one or more of the partiesto the call is located in a different region, country, or continent,then it is not readily apparent which computing resources should beutilized. Similarly, if the platform infrastructure is based in oneregion, communication outside of that region will be poor quality. Forexample, if the two callers reside in different countries, it might beunclear which of many computing resources should be allocated to theparticular session. Furthermore, as more communication platforms aresupported by cloud computing services located in distinct areas,core-computing infrastructure may be limited to particular locations.Accordingly, there is a need in the art for determining the shortest,highest quality, and/or optimized route for session traffic in aglobally distributed telephony system. This invention provides such anew and useful system and method, described in detail below withreference to the appended figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a system and method for managinglatency in a distributed telephony network in accordance with apreferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a variation of the preferredsystem and method for managing latency in a telephony network;

FIG. 3 is a communication flow diagram of an example implementation ofthe preferred method for managing latency in a telephony network;

FIGS. 4A-4D are exemplary schematic representations of communicationflow between a first and second region;

FIG. 5 is a communication flow diagram of a variation re-establishingcommunication of the preferred embodiment;

FIG. 6 is an exemplary representation of the system and method of thepreferred embodiment implemented within various regions;

FIG. 7 is an exemplary communication flow diagram of an implementationfor a call between two PSTN devices of the method of the preferredembodiment;

FIG. 8 is an exemplary communication flow diagram of an implementationfor a call between two client devices of the method of the preferredembodiment;

FIG. 9 is an exemplary communication flow diagram of a telephonyapplication with dial followed by a text-to-speech instruction;

FIG. 10 is an exemplary communication flow diagram of a telephonyapplication with a say instruction followed by a dial instruction;

FIGS. 11 and 12 is an exemplary communication flow diagram of atelephony application hanging up a call based on detected input;

FIGS. 13 and 14 is an exemplary communication flow diagram of a calleror callee timing out;

FIG. 15 is schematic representation of a system of a preferredembodiment;

FIG. 16 is a variation of a method with static and service proxies;

FIG. 17 is a schematic representation of components of a recordingservice;

FIG. 18 is a schematic representation of a system with a media channelestablished between a client application and a second region;

FIG. 19 is a schematic representation of a system with a media channelestablished between two client applications outside of the secondregion;

FIGS. 20 and 21 are communication flow diagram representations of amethod of for method managing low latency with regional communicationinvolving a client application;

FIGS. 22A-22J are schematic representations of exemplary mediatopologies;

FIGS. 23A and 23B are schematic representations of exemplary distinctmedia and signaling topologies;

FIG. 24 is a communication flow diagram representation of a variation ofthe method negotiating a peer-to-peer media stream;

FIG. 25 is a communication flow diagram representation of a variation ofthe method logging and providing data analytics of client applicationinformation; and

FIG. 26 is a schematic representation of a routing policy of an account.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention isnot intended to limit the invention to these preferred embodiments, butrather to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use thisinvention.

Preferred System

As shown in FIG. 1 , a system 10 of the preferred embodiment isconfigured for managing a distributed communication network operation inat least two regions 12, 14. The preferred system 10 can be used withany suitable cloud-computing environment, such as the one described inpatent application Ser. No. 12/417,630 filed 2 Apr. 2009, entitled“System and Method for Processing Telephony Sessions”, which isincorporated in its entirety by this reference. The system 10 preferablyfunctions to provide the highest quality path for communication betweentwo endpoints in response to one or both of a selected media type and/orthe location/configuration of the endpoints of the communications. As anexample, the preferred system 10 can function to minimize networklatency between different types of endpoints (mobile, PSTN,browser-based telephony, client mobile devices, client browsers) usingdifferent types of media (voice, video, text, screen-sharing,multimedia) and disposed in different regions, countries, or continents.In one preferred embodiment, the system 10 is configured for managing adistributed telephony network, but may alternatively be configured formobile/browser client communication networks, video communication,screen-sharing communication, synchronous media communication, or anysuitable communication network. In operation, the preferred system canperform routing and latency minimization in response to one or more of:the features/capabilities of the endpoints; a media quality measurement(video and audio recording); codec availability/compatibility; mediaresource availability; and/or any suitable metric. During operation, thecommunication flow of the system 10 will preferably shift betweenoperations modes—a first mode comprising communication flow between anendpoint of a local region to a remote region with more resources and asecond mode comprising communication flow within the local region.Communication flow is preferably a media data stream that is used in thesubstantially real-time communication of media or multimedia. Anexemplary benefit of the system 10 is that complex, stateful, orexpensive communication resources may be maintained in limited regionsand other resources can be implemented globally or regionally to supportparticular local regions. The limited communication resources may becomplex because they maintain considerable state information of theplatform, and replicating the state information regionally/globallywould result in increased complexity and cost. Communication platforms,which may be susceptible to global/regional scaling issues due to thereal-time nature of synchronous communication, can use the system todynamically switch between communicating within a local region andcommunicating with resources of a remote region.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the preferred system 10 is operable in at least tworegions 12, 14, which are connectable through and/or serviced by acommunication-processing server 16. The preferred system 10 can alsoinclude one or more provider services (P1, P2, P3, PN) and one or moregateways (X1, X2, XN) in the first region 12 and one or morecommunication-processing servers (H1, H2, H3, HN) in the second region14. The preferred system functions to maintain functional communicationwhen the first region 12 and second region 14 are spatially separated bya globally significant transmission distance. A globally significantdistance in this document may be understood to be a transmissiondistance greater than 2000 miles and more preferably greater than 5000miles. For example, the first region 12 may be on the West coast of theUS and the second region 14 may be on the East coast, separated by ageographic distance greater than 2500 miles. In another example, thefirst region 12 may be in the United States and the second region may bein Europe, separated by a distance greater than 3500 miles. The firstregion 12 and the second region 14 are not limited to functioning withsuch distance ranges and may be separated by a distance less than 2000miles or exceeding 5000 miles.

The provider services (P1, P2, P3) preferably receive or initiatecommunication to an endpoint such as a caller, a mobile or browserclient. The provider service is preferably an interface between thecommunication platform of the system 10 and communication providers.Communication providers preferably include telephony carrier networks,client applications using IP based communication protocols, or anysuitable outside network. The system 10 may include a plurality ofregions in addition to the first and second regions 12, 14. The providerservices are preferably specific to each region as they are determinedby the communication service providers, networks, and establishedcontracts with various communication entities.

Incoming communications to a destination endpoint are preferably routedto the provider services in response to the destination endpoint beingregistered with the system 10. For example, a user dialing a PSTN numberbelonging to the system 10 will preferably have the communicationdirected to a provider service (P1, P2, or P3). Another example, a userdialing a SIP based endpoint that specifies a domain registered in DNSto the system 10 will preferably have the communication directed to aprovider service (P1, P2, or P3). The provider additionally createsinvite requests and responses that are preferably sent to a regionaladdress (e.g., europe.twilio.com) and resolved to a communicationgateway. In some variations, communication may be directly connected toa communication gateway to achieve a lower latency audio/video. This maybe particularly advantageous to mobile and browser clients. The DomainName System (DNS), anycast, or any suitable addressing and routingmethodology may be used to forward to the closest communication gatewayof a particular zone. The provider services preferably use SIP protocolfor communication within the system, but the outside connectedcommunication devices may use any suitable communication protocol.Similarly, the medium of the communication can preferably include anysuitable combination of possible media mediums such as audio, video,screen-sharing, or other suitable synchronous media mediums.

The communication gateways (X1, X2) are preferably configured for bothmedia and signaling. A communication gateway preferably mediates SessionInitiation Protocol (SIP) signaling between at least one endpoint of acommunication, from call establishment to termination. SIP is asignaling protocol widely used for controlling communication sessionssuch as voice and/or video calls over Internet Protocol. Any suitablecommunication protocol such as RTP or combination of protocols mayalternatively be used. As a SIP mediator, the communication gatewaypreferably creates SIP invites, issues other SIP signaling messages, andfacilitates transfer of media (e.g., audio, video) between variousend-points. The communication gateways (X1, X2, XN) are preferablylogical network elements of a SIP application, and more preferablyconfigured as back-to-back user agents (b2bua) for one or both of mediaand signaling control. A b2bua, as would be readily understood by aperson of ordinary skill in the art, preferably operates betweenendpoints involved in a communication session (e.g., a phone call, videochat session, or screen-sharing session). The b2bua also divides acommunication channel into at least two communication legs and mediatessignaling between the involved endpoints from call establishment totermination. As such, the communication gateway can facilitate switchingthe communication flow from flowing through a remote region (to useremote resources) to flowing just within the local region (e.g., whenestablishing a call with another endpoint in the local region). Thecommunication gateway may additionally include media processingcomponents/resources such as Dual-tone Multi-frequency (DTMF) detector,media recorder, text-to-speech (TIS), and/or any suitable processor orservice. The media processing and signaling components of acommunication gateway may alternatively be divided into any suitablenumber of components or services in cooperative communication. In onevariation, the communication gateway is implemented by two distinctcomponents—a signaling gateway that handles the signaling and a mediagateway that handles media processing and media communication. In analternative embodiment, the communication gateways may be configured asa control channel that functions to allow devices to directlycommunicate peer-to-peer. Browser clients, mobile clients, or anysuitable combination of clients may have direct media communication inthis variation. This alternative embodiment is preferably used withlow-latency media. As an additional security precaution, communicationgateways may be configured to allow traffic from only a distinct set ofproviders. Other providers are preferably firewalled off to protectinfrastructure from the public Internet. The communication gateways willpreferably respond to communications and/or propagate the communicationmessages to a communication-processing server. Thecommunication-processing server may be in a different remote region.Load balancers may additionally facilitate a communication propagatingfrom a communication gateway to an optimal communication-processingserver. For example, there may be multiple remote regions with availablecommunication-processing servers that can service a communication. Aload balancer or alternatively a routing policy engine may direct thecommunication to an appropriate the region and/orcommunication-processing server.

The communication-processing servers (H1, H2, H3) function to processcommunication from a communication gateway. A communication-processingserver preferably provides value-added features or services to acommunication. A preferred communication-processing server is preferablya call router or telephony application processing component as describedin patent application Ser. No. 12/417,630 referenced and incorporatedabove. A communication-processing server (or more specifically a callrouter) will preferably retrieve an addressable application resource(e.g., HTTP URI address document) associated with the phone number orcommunication indicator. In a preferred embodiment, the resource is atelephony application that indicates sequential telephony commands forthe communication session of the client(s). The telephony commands mayinclude instructions to call another communication endpoint, to start aconference call, to play audio, to record audio or video, to converttext to speech, to transcribe audio, to perform answering machinedetection, to send text or media messages (e.g., SMS or MMS messages),to collect DTMF key entry, to end a call, or perform any suitableaction. The telephony instructions are preferably communicated in atelephony instruction markup language such as TwiML. The addressableresource is preferably hosted at the HTTP Server 16. The servers (H1,H2, H3) and HTTP server 16 communications are preferably RESTful innature in both/all directions. RESTful is understood in this document todescribe a Representational State Transfer architecture as is known inthe art. The RESTful HTTP requests are preferably stateless, thus eachmessage communicated from any component in the system 10 preferablycontains all necessary information for operation and/or performance ofthe specified function. Signaling will preferably be transferred throughthe server, but media may not be transferred through the server.

The communication-processing server is preferably part of a telephonyapplication platform and may cooperatively use several other resourcesin operation. The communication-processing server may be a centralcomponent to the service provided by a platform and as such may beassociated with considerable stateful data generated in use of theserver. The stateful data may be used in internal logic and operation ofthe platform and/or for providing API accessible data and information.The system 10 is preferably implemented in a multi-tenant environmentwhere multiple accounts share/operate with the same resources. As such,there may be benefits in keeping the communication-processing serverscentrally located in a limited number of regions. Since thecommunication-processing server may not be located in each local region,a local region may call out, bridge or otherwise communicate with aremote region that does hold a communication-processing server. Asmentioned above, the communication-processing server may provide anysuitable processing services m addition to or as an alternative to thecall router variation described above.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the preferred system 10 can route communicationtraffic between User 1 and User 2, wherein the communications trafficcan include any suitable media type, device endpoint type, and/ornetwork type usable in a suitable cloud-based communications system ofthe type described above. In an example of the preferred system's 10operation, when User 1 wants to communicate with User 2 (a PTSN numberthat is part of the cloud-based system), his call is routed to providerP2. As described below, the number dialed is preferably associated witha URL or other identifier usable in the aforementionedcloud-communications system. Preferably, provider P2 creates acorresponding invite request in block 100 and sends it to a predefinedserver address (e.g., europe.twilio.com, us_1.twilio.com,us_2.twilio.com, etc.), which in turn resolves to communication gatewayX1. Upon receipt, the communication gateway X1 preferably transmits orforwards the request to communication-processing server H3 in blockS102, which as shown can be located in the second region 14. The serverH3 functions to query the HTTP server 16 associated with the URL of thedialed number in block S104 to determine, receive, download, and/orcapture any instructions, commands, or content associated with thedialed number. The HTTP server 16 is preferably an outside servermanaged by a developer or administrating entity. In a simple example,the server H3 contacts the HTTP server 16 and receives a single command(i.e., a “dial” verb) associated with the number. Other suitablecommands, each of which can be referred to as a TwiML verb in theexample embodiment, can include saying text to the caller, sending anSMS message, playing an audio and/or video file, getting input from thekeypad, recording audio or video, connecting the call to another phone,or any other suitable type or media of communication.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in block S106 the HTTP server 16 returns the TwiMLto server H3, at which point the server H3 processes the TwiML todetermine the particulars of the initial request, i.e., to whom the callis directed, where the other endpoint is located, what type of media isbeing directed to the second user, and the like. In the exampleembodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the second user is located in the firstregion 12 with the first user, and therefore the server H3 returns theinvite request back to communication gateway X1 for further processingin block S108. Upon receipt, the communication gateway X1 determinesthat the inbound request is related to the prior invite request receivedin block S100; and transmits the request to a predetermined provider P3in block S110 for eventual connection of the communication to the seconduser from P3. Preferably, upon connection between provider P3 and thesecond user, the communication traffic between the first and secondusers will flow directly between the providers P2 and P3 in block S112with little to no input from any other component of the preferred system10 in the second region 14. In one variation of the preferred system 10,media files and/or functionality are stored at and/or performed by oneor more of the communication gateways X1 working alone or in combinationwith each other or additional servers, databases, and/or controllers. Aswill be described in further detail below, the communication traffic maybe subsequently dynamically redirected to route through the server H3.For example, one of the endpoints may hang up, and the remainingendpoint may have communication traffic flow from the endpoint of P1 toX1 to H3 and back during the execution of other communicationinstructions.

As shown in FIG. 2 , one variation of the preferred system 10 canadditionally include a routing policy server 50 in communication withthe communication gateway XN 20 and/or a communication-processing serverH3, and further include a SIP API 30 in communication with both thecommunication gateway 20 and server HN 40. In one example configurationof the preferred system 10, the communication gateway 20 functions inpart as a back-to-back user agent (b2bua) for one or both of media andsignaling control. As an example, the communication gateway 20 can beconfigured to handle multiple types of re-invite scenarios and totransfer audio, video, or other media between various communicatingendpoints. Preferably, the communication gateway 20 can be configured torecord audio or video streams and/or play any suitable type of mediafile (e.g., addressed to a URL). In other configurations of thepreferred system 10, the communication gateway 20 can be configured as areal-time transport protocol (RTP) hub for handling RTP communications,RTP events, and/or generating/consuming RTPC sender and receiverreports. As described below, the RTPC reports can be transmitted and/ormade available to the policy server 50 such that the policy server 50has real-time or near real-time information about the quality ofdifferent traffic routes in the larger system 10. The quality reportsand the routing policy server 50 can additionally work in cooperationwith a best quality routing (BQR) routing approach. In another variationof the preferred system 10, the communication gateway 20 can beconfigured as a single component/unit that handles both media andsignaling processes. Alternatively, the communication gateway 20 can beconfigured as two distinct components (media and signaling) residing onone or more nodes in the larger system 10 environment or in any othersuitable configuration or deployment in a distributed network.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the present variation of the preferred system 10can include a routing policy server 50 in communication with thecommunication-processing server and/or the communication gateway 20. Therouting policy server 50 preferably functions to optimize the flow oftraffic throughout the preferred system 10 by selecting and/or aiding inselecting the best available communication gateway 20 (X1, X2, XN)and/or communication-processing server (H1, H2) for routing the networktraffic. Preferably, the routing policy server 50 optimizes traffic flowin response to one or both of the types/number/location of the endpoints(browser, VOW, PSTN, mobile/cellular) and the type of media (voice,video, text, multimedia) used in each communication. As shown in FIG. 2, the routing policy server 50 preferably receives input/s from each ofthe communication gateways 20, for example in the form of RTCP senderand receiver reports, which enables the routing policy server 50 todetermine in real time or near real time the current status of each ofthe communication gateways 20, and in turn to select the optimalcommunication gateway 20 for any present network session. Preferably,one or both of the communication gateway 20 and/or the server 40 canquery the routing policy server 50 for the optimal route, which can bedetermined in response to one or more inputs received/requested from thecommunication gateway 20. Additionally or alternatively, the routingpolicy server 50 can receive from each communication gateway 20 a livequality of service report from which the policy server 50 can determinethe current optimal route for any pending sessions. In another variationof the preferred system 10, the routing policy server 50 can apply auniversal or generic routing protocol between nodes withoutconsideration of the type of media being enjoyed in the communicationsession. In use, the preferred policy server 50 can function to preventoverloading of any particular node, server, or route in the preferredsystem 10 by continuously and substantially simultaneously selectingand/or aiding in the selection of the optimally configured communicationgateway 20 and/or server 50 for each pending session.

Additionally or alternatively, the system can include a registrar proxyand a location registrar service as shown in FIG. 18 . The registrarproxy can be supplemental to the routing policy server 50, be integratedinto the routing policy server 50, or used in place of the routingpolicy server. The registrar proxy and the location registrar serviceare preferably used to provide an interface to store, update, andaccessing route records for different communication endpoints. Theregistrar proxy and the location registrar service are preferably usedto store and keep updated routes for client application instances. Theycan additionally include phone number routing information, SIP devicerouting information, or any suitable form of routing information. Theregistrar proxy and the location registrar service preferably reside inmain regions (e.g., a region that contains a communication processingserver). The registrar resources can alternatively be located in anysuitable region—regional border proxies can be configured with knowledgeof location of the registrar resource so that the registration resourcescan be accessed regardless of where they are located. The registrarproxy can be a server that acts as the interface to the locationregistration information. The registrar proxy can additionallyfacilitate establishing media channels between appropriate endpoints.For example, when attempting to connect two client application in aregion remote from a communication-processing server, the registrarproxy can

As shown in FIG. 2 , the present variation of the preferred system 10can further include one or more application programming interfaces(APIs) functioning and/or exposed by one or more components in thepreferred system 10. For example, a session initiation protocol (SIP)API 30 is shown in FIG. 2 for coordinating messages/communicationsbetween the communication gateway 20 and the server 40. Additionally oralternatively, the routing policy server 50 can include one or more APIsfor determining the optimal route between two endpoints in the pendingcommunication. A preferred routing policy server 50 API can be a RESTFulor any suitable alternative type of API As noted above, in onealternative configuration the communication gateway 20 can include amedia portion and a signaling portion, in which case the media portion(not shown) can include an API (such as a REST or Java API) to respondto media allocation requests from the signaling portion (not shown) ofthe communication gateway 20. In operation, a suitable communicationgateway 20 API can expose one or more functionalities (i.e., allocationof a media resource with the following capabilities) and then return aresource identifier, IP address, and/or port to where the media shouldbe directed.

The SIP API 30 can include one or more additional headers and/orconfigurations for use in the preferred system 10, including a regionalheader, an action header, a features header, a support header, and/or arequired header. In this example implementation, the regional header canindicate a zone from which the request is originating, including forexample a regional or sub-regional zone of Europe, Asia, North America,and/or South America. The example action header can include instructionsfor the receiver to perform one or more designated actions, such as a“hang up” action. The example features header can include one or moresystem 10 specific features, such as an instruction to hang up if theuser presses the star key on his or her terminal, whether the hardwaresupports call recording, and the like. The example support/requiredheaders can include information that identify any features, protocols,functions, and/or other features that are desirable, optional, ornecessary for properly routing the session through any particular set ofcommunication gateways 20 and servers 40.

As shown in FIG. 19 , the system can additionally or alternativelyinclude client gateways and regional border proxies in supportedregions, which function to support use of client application instancesas communication endpoints. Client application instances additionallycan rely on a registrar proxy and a location registrar service asdescribed above. A client application is preferably defined as an IPconnected communication device that is leveraging web-based real-timecommunication protocol. The client gateway is used to service media andsignaling channels with the client application instances. The clientgateways additionally translate client application communicationprotocols to those of the communication platform. In one implementation,SIP is used internally within the communication platform, and the clientgateway translates between browser or application based communication toSIP. When communicating between client applications in the same region,a media channel is preferably established between the two clientapplications through the client gateways. As latency can be lesssensitive to latency, the signaling channel can be maintained with aregion with higher level functionality services (e.g., thecommunication-processing server). The regional border proxies preferablyprovide the media and signaling gateway between different regions. Theregional border proxies can be configured to know the main regions andthe route information to their respective regional border proxy.

The system preferably can be configured to perform one or more of theforegoing functions in a computer-readable medium storingcomputer-readable instructions. The instructions are preferably executedby computer-executable components preferably integrated with the one ormore communication gateways (X1, X2, XN) in the first region 12, the oneor more communication-processing servers (H1, H2, H3, HN) in the secondregion 14, the HTTP server 16, the SIP API 30, and/or the routing policyserver 50. The computer-readable medium can be stored on any suitablecomputer readable media such as RAMs, ROMs, flash memory, EEPROMs,optical devices (CD or DVD), hard drives, floppy drives, or any suitabledevice. The computer-executable component is preferably a processor butthe instructions can alternatively or additionally be executed by anysuitable dedicated hardware device.

Preferred Methods

As shown m FIG. 3 , a method of the preferred embodiment can includereceiving a communication invitation of a first endpoint from acommunication provider S210, signaling the communication invitation to acommunication-processing server in a second region S220, dynamicallydirecting signaling and media of the communication according tocommunication processing instructions and the resources available in atleast the first and second regions S230 that includes selectivelyrouting media communication exclusively through communication resourcesof the first region if media resources to execute the processinginstructions are available in the first region S232 and selectivelyrouting media communication through at least thecommunication-processing server if media resources are not in the firstregion S234. The system functions to dynamically redirect traffic forsignaling and media. The method is preferably employed in aregionally/globally distributed communication platform that works withcommunication susceptible to latency performance issues. The method ispreferably used within a communication processing platform such as thetelephony platform incorporated by reference above. The method mayadditionally or alternatively be used with video communication, clientbased audio communication (e.g., VoIP), screen-sharing applications,and/or any suitable communication platform. Replicating all componentsin different regions can be expensive and increase complexity of asystem. The method enables components to be intelligently andprogressively rolled out to new regions (or be statically implemented)without fully replicating the system needed to support the features of aplatform—some components may be available in one region and some inothers. Preferably, a geographically distributed communication computingplatform will include a subset of resources in a first region and asubset of resources in a second region. The subsets of resources arepreferably not identical sets (in terms of the function of thecomponents). A local region (used to service particular geographicregions) is preferably a limited sub-set of a remote region (used toprovide core platform functionality). Preferably lightweight andancillary services and components (e.g., signaling and standalone mediaprocessing services) are deployed in various regions to support localcommunication endpoints, and more core or complex resources (e.g., onesthat maintain state within the platform) are deployed in a limitednumber of regions, which are often remotely located from the localregions. The method 1 s preferably used to implement communicationinstruction processing with a communication stream between the first andsecond region as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, and when a mediacommunication stream can flow exclusively through the first region,dynamically establishing the communication flow to not flow throughintermediary media resources of the second region, but instead to usemedia resources of the first region as shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D.

Block S210, which includes receiving a communication invitation of afirst endpoint from a communication provider, functions to initiate acommunication session. Preferably a “call” will be directed to thesystem through a provider service of the first region. The calleddestination is preferably registered with the system. For example, thetelephony endpoint (the phone number, phone number prefix, SIP address,the domain of the SIP address, and the like) is used to routecommunication to the system in any suitable manner. The providerservices preferably ports or provides a network access interface throughwhich outside communication networks connect to the system (and/orconversely, how the system connects to the outside communicationnetworks). A communication will preferably include a call from anendpoint being directed through outside networking to a provider serviceinterface. The provider service will preferably use SIP signaling or anysuitable protocol to direct a communication stream to a communicationgateway of the first region. A SIP communication invite is preferablyreceived at the communication gateway or more specifically a SIPsignaling gateway acting as a b2bua. Herein, “calls” may refer to PSTNphone calls, IP based video calls, screen-sharing sessions, multimediasessions, and/or any suitable synchronous media communication. Calls canadditionally be mixed medium/protocols. For example, a call (i.e.,communication session) may have one leg connect to a PSTN telephonydevice while a second leg connects to a Sip based client application.Calls may alternatively be initiated from within the system such as inresponse to an API request or any suitable event.

Block S220, which includes signaling the communication invitation to acommunication-processing server in a second region, functions to directthe communication to a communication-processing server in anotherregion. The other region (the second region) is preferably spatiallyseparate and remotely located from the first region. The distance ofseparation is preferably a globally significant distance. Within the US,the distance may be greater than 2000 miles (across country). Across theglobe, the distance may be greater than 5000 miles. The communicationgateway preferably directs the communication signaling. As shown in FIG.7 , the communication invitation is preferably a SIP invite but mayalternatively be a communication invitation of any suitable protocol.The communication gateway may additionally query a routing policy engineprior to transmitting the communication invitation. The routing policyserver will preferably determine an appropriate routing of the call.Preferably the routing policy server will identify the appropriatecommunication-processing server in the second region. Additionally, therouting policy server may consider communication-processing servers in aplurality of regions (possibly including the first region). In anothervariation, the routing policy server may detect that the resources forprocessing the particular call can be handled within the first regionand direct that call appropriately within the first region. For example,a particular phone number may not be configured for telephonyapplication processing and simply redirect to another endpointaccessible through the first region. In this example, the communicationgateway may forego accessing a call router in a second region, andestablish media communication flow between the first and second endpointusing resources of the first region.

The communication-processing server can provide any suitablecommunication processing service. Preferably, thecommunication-processing server acts as a call router that managesexecution of a communication session application. Processing acommunication application can include operations such as connecting toendpoints, recording media, processing media (converting text-to-speech,transcribing audio to text, transcoding between media codecs),retrieving device inputs (e.g., DTMF capture), sending messages oremails, ending calls, providing answering machine detection, orproviding any suitable service. In one preferred variation, the methodmay additionally include, within the second region, acommunication-processing server retrieving application instructions froman internet accessible server at a URI that is associated with adestination endpoint of the communication invitation. In this variation,the communication-processing server is preferably a call router asdescribed in the incorporated patent application Ser. No. 12/417,630.The application instructions are preferably formatted as markupinstructions within a document retrieved over HTTP using a webrequest-response model.

Block S230, which includes dynamically directing signaling and media ofthe communication according to communication processing instructions andthe resources available in at least the first and second regionsfunctions to redirect communication to appropriate regions. Thedirecting of signaling and media is preferably dynamically responsive tothe active state of the communication. Preferably, the signal and mediadirection is responsive to application state of a communication.Application state may include streaming media between two outsideendpoints, playing media from the system to an endpoint, processing orrecording media of a communication, or any suitable application state.The communication routing is preferably changed to increase thecommunication performance of the current state of a communication. Forexample, if a first endpoint is connected to a second endpoint, and thefirst and second endpoints are in the same region, the communicationmedia stream is preferably kept within the first region. This canpreferably reduce the amount of communication latency that might beinvolved in routing through a second region. In a contrasting situation,if the communication of a first endpoint necessitates particular mediaprocessing not available in the first region, a communication flow maybe established with a second region. Additionally, an application can beconfigured with any suitable logic. For example, a call may beresponsive to a new connection to an endpoint, to one of two endpointshanging up, to initiating media processing (e.g., audio recording,transcription, or DTMF detection), or to sending an out of streamcommunication (e.g., SMS or MMS) and the like.

Block S232, which includes selectively routing media communicationexclusively through communication resources of the first region if mediaresources to execute the processing instructions are available in thefirst region, functions to route communication within a region. Theresources of the region are preferably sufficient to support the currentstate of the communication session. In a preferred variation, the mediacommunication is exclusively routed through the communication resourceof the first region for calls to other endpoints in the region. BlockS132 preferably includes a communication-processing server inviting asecond gateway, the second communication gateway inviting a secondendpoint accessible through a provider service of the first region, andthe communication-processing server re-inviting the first and secondcommunication gateways to establish media communication flow between thefirst and second endpoints. The communication is also directed away fromthe communication-processing server of the second region. As a slightvariation, the media communication flow may even be established to flowdirectly between the first and second endpoints without passing througha gateway of the first region. The first and second endpoints can bePSTN-based endpoints, SIP based endpoints, RTP based endpoints, and/orany suitable endpoint. An endpoint is preferably any addressablecommunication destination, which may be a phone, a client application(e.g., desktop or mobile application), an IP based device or anysuitable communication device. The endpoints can use any suitableprotocol and the first and second endpoints may additionally usedifferent communication protocols or mediums.

Additionally or alternatively, routing media communication exclusivelythrough communication resources of the first region may includeselecting a media resource of the first region to facilitate the mediacommunication flow. In some cases, select media resources may bedeployed/implemented in the first region. When the current communicationmedia stream transitions to a state where it requires only the mediaresources of the first region, the media communication flow willpreferably utilize the media resources of the first region, rather thanthose of the remotely located resources in the second region. Forexample, an application may initiate a media recording instruction. If arecording resource is in the first region, the communication gateway maydirect communication flow to go to the local recording server as opposedto a recording server in a different region. In another example, a mediatranscoding server may be accessed to transcode media for two endpoints.Two endpoints may use different media codecs that are not compatible.The transcoding service will preferably be added as an intermediary inthe communication flow so that the media can be transcoded with lowlatency.

The method may include querying a routing policy service for a selectedcommunication route, which functions to dynamically select acommunication route. The routing policy server can use the current stateof the system, individual regions, individualresources/services/components of a region, application state, or anysuitable parameter as an input. In one variation, the routing policyservice is substantially statically defined. A set of rules and/orarchitecture configuration may be used to select the routes. In anothervariation, the routing policy service performs an analysis and selects aroute that has statistical indications to be an optimal route based onthe analysis. The routing policy server is preferably queried by thecommunication-processing server to select communication gateways. Therouting policy server may additionally or alternatively be used by thecommunication gateway to select a communication-processing server inblock S220. There may be one canonical routing policy server or multiplerouting policy server instances may be established in multiple regions.

Block S234, which includes selectively routing media communicationthrough at least the communication-processing server if media resourcesare not in the first region, functions to route communication betweenthe first and second regions. This selective option is preferably takenwhen the resource needed or preferred for handling the communicationsession is not within the local region (i.e., the first region). As withthe initiation of a call, the communication gateway preferably initiallyconnects to a communication-processing server. As was mentioned above,this default behavior may not be taken if the next state of thecommunication is known without accessing the communication-processingserver. Additional resources within the second region may additionallyor alternatively be used with the communication-processing server. Forexample, media resources such as recording service, text-to-speechservers, transcoding servers, transcription/speech recognition servers,and/or any suitable media resource may be implemented in the secondregion and may act on the media communication flow.

As mentioned above, the directing of the communication can dynamicallychange. The method may additionally include re-establishingcommunication with the communication-processing server upon a secondendpoint terminating the media communication flow S236 as shown in FIG.5 . Block S236 can function to enable the communication to recover aftercommunication flow has moved away from a resource of the second region.As mentioned, the second region preferably includes acommunication-processing server that can be configured for processingapplication state of a communication session. Since thecommunication-processing server may not be in the communication flowwhen two endpoints are connected, a communication gateway in the firstregion will preferably re-invite a communication-processing server andreestablish communication flow between the first endpoint and thecommunication-processing server. For example, two callers may be talkingin a first region. When the callee hangs up, the first caller may beconnected to a call router in a second region that can play text tospeech audio or perform any suitable application action. Thecommunication flow can be redirected any number of times.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the method may additionally be expanded such thatcommunication flow may be directed between any suitable number ofregions. In an exemplary implementation, there may be at least two baseregions in the US, with globally diversified local regions such as onein Europe, one in Asia, and one in South America. These regions maydynamically route communication based on an optimal or preferred route.The preferred route may be based on substantially static configurationof the different regions (e.g., how many resources are in each region),but may alternatively be based on quality metrics such as latency,quality of service reports, or any suitable metrics.

In an alternative embodiment, a method of a preferred embodiment canadditionally or alternatively utilize regional communication gateways toachieve global low latency platform operation.

Example Implementations

As shown in FIG. 7 , one example implementation of the system and/ormethod of the preferred embodiment can include a telephone call betweena pair of PSTN telephone users. Those of skill in the art will readilyappreciate that the following description is of an exemplary setting ofthe system and/or method of the preferred embodiment and does not limitthe claimed invention to any particular aspect or feature describedbelow. As shown in method 300 in FIG. 7 , block S300 can includereceiving a call invitation at a first communication gateway X1 from afirst user's POP (point of presence provider or in other words aprovider server). As noted above, FIG. 7 illustrates a single use casein which the desired communication is between two PSTN users.Accordingly, the content of block S300 can include an invitation for avoice call identifying both the media (voice) as well as the desiredendpoint (phone number to which the call is directed).

In block S302, the first communication gateway preferably performs anynecessary authentications, security checks, verifications, and/orcredential checks for one or both of the caller and the recipient. BlockS302 can additionally include looking up and/or identifying a targetuniform resource identifier (URI) for the invitation, which designatesthe next destination for the transmission, i.e., the suitable regionalcommunication-processing server H1 for the request. As shown in FIG. 7 ,upon receipt of the request at the server the server H1 responds to thecommunication gateway X1, which in turn propagates the response back tothe POP (point of presence) service (e.g., the provider service) inblock S304.

In block S306, the server H1 downloads and/or retrieves the TwiML basedon the URI associated with the dialed number (which corresponds to anaddress in one variation of the preferred system and method).Preferably, block S306 can further include determining if there is anymedia associated with the session. Preferably, the existence orrequirement of a particular media can be determined with reference tothe TwiML, which can contain predefined actions or verbs. Suitableactions or verbs can include dialing a number, saying text to thecaller, sending an SMS message, playing an audio or video file, gettinginput from the keypad, recording audio or video, connecting the call toanother browser client or device, or any other suitable type or media ofcommunication. In the example implementation, the TwiML would containthe “dial” verb, which requires media. Following a series of mutualacknowledgements, the transmission of media is opened up between the POPand the server H1 in block S306.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the example implementation can include block S308,which includes determining an optimal route for the media at the routingpolicy server. Preferably, block S308 is performed substantiallysimultaneously with the series of acknowledgements performed in blockS306. Preferably, the policy server 50 optimizes traffic flow inresponse to one or both of the types/number/location of the endpoints(browser, VOW, PSTN, mobile/cellular) and the type of media (voice,video, text, multimedia) used in each communication. As noted above, therouting policy server preferably receives input/s from one or both ofthe communication gateways X1 or X2, for example in the form of RTCPsender and receiver reports, which enables the routing policy server todetermine in real time or near real time the current status of each ofthe communication gateways X1 and X2, and in turn to select an optimalcommunication gateway X2 for the proposed call. Here optimal is used toindicate an algorithmically probable best route. As shown in FIG. 3 ,the server H1 requests the optimal route from the policy server in blockS308. Additionally or alternatively, the routing policy server canreceive from each communication gateway XN a live quality of servicereport from which the policy server can determine the current optimalroute for any pending sessions.

As shown in FIG. 7 , once the policy server determines the optimal route(i.e., a second communication gateway X2), it will return theappropriate URI to the server H1 so that the server H1 can communicatedirectly with the second communication gateway X2. In block S310, theexample implementation can include a series of requests, invites, andacknowledgements between the server H1, the second communication gatewayX2, and the second POP destination of the call recipient. Uponestablishing the second leg of the communication session, block S312 caninclude checking the two endpoints (via first and second communicationgateways X1 and X2), and then permitting media to flow between the firstand second communication gateways X1 and X2 in block S314.

Preferably, the server H1 is not involved in the media flow of blockS314. Accordingly, another example implementation can include detecting,at each of the first and second communication gateways X1 and X2,whether each respective side of the session has timed out for somereason. In response to a timeout at the first communication gateway X1,the first communication gateway X1 will alert the server H1, which inturn will hang up both the caller side and the callee side of thesession. Alternatively, if it is the second communication gateway X2that times out, then the server H1 can be configured to only terminateor hang up on the callee side in the event that there are more actionsor verbs to execute on the caller side.

The foregoing example implementation illustrates one aspect of thepreferred system and method using a single dial verb between two PSTNusers in a telephony system. However, the preferred system and methodcan be readily configured for any suitable combination of verbs, usertypes, and media types found in a cloud-based communication networksystem. Some example alternative implementations can include usage ofthe say verb, the hang up verb, the gather verb, either alone or incombination with the dial verb described above.

As shown in FIG. 8 , a second exemplary implementation of the systemand/or method of the preferred embodiment can include video streamingbetween two mobile devices. In this example, client mobile or browserdevices may connect directly to communication gateways X1 and X2. Thisvariation functions in a substantially similar manner to the aboveexample but may vary m communication medium/protocols and user devices.In this variation, block S400 may include receiving a video invitationat a first communication gateway X1 from a mobile device. Alternatively,a video invitation may be received at a first communication gateway X1from a POP. Blocks S402, S404, S406, S408, S410, and S412 aresubstantially similar to steps S302, S304, S306, S308, S310, and S312except in implementation differences accommodating for video streamingand direct connection of the mobile devices to the communicationgateways. These blocks preferably establish two legs of a communicationsession such that video can flow between the first and second mobiledevice in block S414.

As shown in FIG. 9 , a third exemplary implementation of the systemand/or method of the preferred embodiment can accommodate a dialfollowed by a text-to-speech command. This is preferably an extension ofmethod 300 above, where a user handing up re-invites between thecommunication-processing server and the communication gateway can occurmultiple times throughout the lifetime of a call. A communication willpreferably be initialized as described above so that media communicationflows between two endpoints of a first region. One of the endpointshangs up causing a SIP BYE signal to be sent to a second communicationgateway (X2). X2 then propagates the BYE to the communication-processingserver (H1) in the second region. The H1 in this scenario will evaluatethe application instructions. If more instructions exist within theapplication, then the H1 can re-invite the first endpoint to bring mediacommunication flow back to the H1 The H1 re-invites the firstcommunication gateway (X1), a 200 OK reply is received, anacknowledgement signal is delivered, and media communication will onceagain flow between X1 and H1. In this variation, the next communicationinstruction is to play text-to-speech audio. The H1 will preferably callout to a TIS service to download or access the audio, and then the H1will stream the media to the X1 and the X1 will stream the media to thefirst endpoint. In an alternative version, the H1 may instruct the X1 toperform the TIS operations or to use a TIS service of the first region.

As shown in FIG. 10 , a fourth exemplary implementation of the systemand/or method of the preferred embodiment can accommodate a say followedby a dial. A caller form a first region dials in and is invited to a H1via a communication gateway X1 as in the initial portion of method 300.Once the call has been established, the H1 preferably downloads oraccesses the communication platform with the communication instructions.In this particular example, the instructions include a say instructionfollowed by a dial instruction. The H1 will contact a TIS server andplay the media. After the media of the TIS has completed, the H1 willpreferably continue to execute the communication instructions and willthus execute the dial instruction. If the dial instruction is to anendpoint in the first region, the second endpoint will be added to thecommunication flow in a manner similar to that in 300.

As shown in FIG. 11 , a fifth exemplary implementation of the systemand/or method of the preferred embodiment can accommodate hanging up acall on a detected input. In this example, the detected input will bethe DTMF input of a star(*). A user presses star when they are ready toend a call. An RTP event is sent to the provider service, which is thendelivered to X1. X1 will initiate a hang up of the other party. To hangup, a re-invite signal is sent to the H1 with an action header that asksthe communication processing service to hang up the other side. The H1then issues a BYE sequence to the second endpoint through the X2 andcontinues executing any remaining application instructions. In analternative implementation shown in FIG. 12 , X1 delivers the RTP eventto X2, which initiates the hang up process. X2 signals the end of thecall and ends communication with the H1. H1 will then re-invite X1 orhang up depending on the state of the communication platform.

A sixth exemplary implementation of the system and/or method of thepreferred embodiment can accommodate timeout scenarios on the caller orcallee side. Each communication gateway is preferably responsible fordetecting timeouts for their respective leg of the communication. Asshown in FIG. 13 , the caller side X1 may detect a timeout scenario whenthe caller endpoint stops sending RTP for a configurable amount of time.X1 then signals the H1 to notify that a timeout has occurred. The H1will preferably hang up/terminate the caller side and the callee side.The BYE signal preferably includes a header that specifies the reasonfor the termination (e.g., an RTP timeout). As shown in FIG. 14 , thecallee side X2 may detect a timeout scenario when the callee endpointstops sending RTP for a configurable amount of time. X2 signals theerror to the H1 and the communication flow is terminated for the callee.As there may still be application instructions that can execute for thecaller, the H1 preferably executes any remaining instructions oralternatively terminates communication with the caller.

One or more aspects of the example embodiment can be configuredpartially or entirely in a computer-readable medium storingcomputer-readable instructions. The instructions are preferably executedby computer-executable components preferably integrated with one or moreAPIs, servers, routing policy servers, POP servers, and/or communicationgateways. The computer-readable medium can be stored on any suitablecomputer readable media such as RAMs, ROMs, flash memory, EEPROMs,optical devices (CD or DVD), hard drives, floppy drives, or any suitabledevice. The computer-executable component is preferably a processor butthe instructions can alternatively or additionally be executed by anysuitable dedicated hardware device.

System and Method of Global Media Resources

As shown in FIG. 15 , a system for processing communication media in aregionally distributed communication platform of a preferred embodimentfunctions to enable communication media services within a local region.When deploying a communication platform across geographically diverseregions, some services can benefit by having low latency interactionswith real-time, synchronous communication. In addition to providing themedia services with low latency, the system enables a platform toprovide consistent data across the platform. This is beneficial formaintaining consistent API resources. For example, recordings generatedin local regions will be available through an API. The method ispreferably used in combination with the system and methods describedabove. The system preferably includes the elements described above forat least two regions. A first region (a local region) preferablyincludes a plurality of provider services, communication gateways andsupplemental media services. The second region (the remote region)preferably includes at least a communication-processing server and anyadditional resources, services, or components. The remote regionpreferably includes more resources and services. For example, APIresources are preferably stored and maintained in the remote region.

The system and method can be used with any suitable media resource orresources that may benefit from being deployed to local regions. Themedia resources are preferably configured as a media services. A mediaservice can be easily deployed in a local region and operateindependently and consistently integrate with other regions, such as theremote region where API resources and state is maintained. A mediaservice preferably has a defined interface and manages its own highavailability load balancing, scalability, redundancy, and other serviceoriented orchestration considerations. Storage and state can preferablybe maintained internally within the media service. For example, adatabase used to manage the service orchestration of the media servicecan be kept internally and may, at least in part, not be shared outsideof the service. Information, records, and data that is to be sharedoutside of a media service, is preferably distributed across regions forother services to consume. The media service may include a media serviceAPI to facilitate access and integration of the media service with otherservices and components of a communication platform. Media services arepreferably composed of components or computing resources. The componentscan be software libraries or other services (e.g., a mini-service). Thecomponents preferably perform a specific task. Some of these components,which facilitate a particular feature of a service, may or may not beactivated or included in a locally deployed media service. For example,for a recording service, transcription may or may not be an includedcomponent. Multiple media services may be implemented within a localregion, and the media services may target a variety of communicationfunctions. A media service may be a recording service, a text-to-speech(TIS) service, a speech recognition service, a transcoding service, aninput detection service, answering machine detection service, aconferencing service, a communication queuing service, and/or anysuitable media service.

Recording services preferably enable recording of calls or communicationsessions that are routed through communication gateways within the localregion. This avoids routing media communication flow through a remoteregion to access a recording resource. Recording is preferably for audiorecording, but may additionally or alternatively include videorecording, screen-sharing recording, multimedia recording, or anysuitable recording service. The recording service may have additionalfeatures that may or may not be integrated into the recording service ofthe local service. Transcription is one preferred feature of therecording service. Transcription may use algorithmic speech recognitiontechniques, automated manual transcription, semi-automated techniques,and/or any suitable approach. The audio recording files, the meta dataof the recording (e.g., timestamp, time duration, audio quality andformat), and/or the recording transcripts are preferably synchronizedwith a remote region. As shown in FIG. 17 , a recording servicepreferably includes a recording component, a transcription component,and at least a storage component. The recording service additionallyincludes communication interfaces with a communication-processing server(e.g., a call router), API, and the resources of one ore more regions.

The recording component is preferably responsible for taking a stream(audio, video, etc.), manipulating the stream (e.g., trimming offsilence, transcoding it to a different format/codec, etc.,) and writingthe recording to a file. Inputs for the recording component may includethe audio stream, the file name, and/or arguments for trimming, fileformat, recording quality, volume adjustment, and/or any suitableparameter of the recording. Outputs of the recording componentpreferably include an audio stream saved as a file, meta data such asthe duration of the saved audio file, and size of the file. Thetranscription component can include inputs such as the audio stream,transcription arguments, an HTTP callback to call when transcription iscomplete, and/or any suitable parameter. The transcription arguments mayinclude the accuracy level of the transcription (e.g., level ofservice), language of transcription, and/or any suitable variable of thetranscription process. The transcription component preferably outputsthe text of the stream. An interface of the recording service preferablyabstracts away the inner-workings of the components of the recordingservice. The interface of the recording service uses inputs of arecording ID, an audio stream to record, and/or a HTTP callback to callafter complete. In one variation the HTTP callback is called aftertranscoding of the recorded file is complete. Other inputs andparameters may additionally or alternatively be exposed of the recordingservice. Additional inputs may include transcription inputs such as if arecording should use transcription and the parameters of thetranscription. The recording service interface preferably outputs a URIor alternative resources address of a recording, parameters of therecording (e.g., duration of the recording, timestamp), and/or fileparameters such as file size.

A Text-to speech service preferably generates, plays, and/or convertstext into audible speech. The audible speech is then played within acommunication stream. For example, a phone call may connect to atelephony application that specifies a script that should be read to thecaller. The script is preferably directed to the TIS service to beplayed during the phone call. The text-to-speech services are preferablyfor audio communication. However, a computer generated video simulationor rendering of a speaker may additionally be created for videocommunication. The text-to-speech service preferably takes text as aninput and outputs an audio stream and/or an audio file as an output. Theaudio file may be cached internally within a local region implementationof a media service. The audio file of a TIS request may additionally besynchronized with a TIS cache of a remote region.

A speech recognition service is preferably a service used in collectingspoken input and converting it into a format for transcription, naturallanguage processing, or interpretation of responses. The speechrecognition may use the transcription component described above, but mayalternatively use an alternative approach. The input to the speechrecognition is preferably an audio stream and parameters of speechrecognition. Parameters of speech recognition may include expectedlanguage of speech. In one variation, the speech recognition service isused to detect or identify categories of responses. For example, thespeech recognition may be used to identify a number with a set number ofdigits, to identify particular key words, or classes of responses. Inone example, classes of responses may include a confirmation class and acancel/deny response. The output may be the interpretation of thespeech. In one variation, an HTTP callback may be specified where theoutput may be posted after speech recognition is completed. In anothervariation, the speech recognition service may work in cooperation withthe recording service. Alternatively, a speech recognition component maybe integrated into the recording service, an input detection service,and/or any suitable service.

A transcoding service functions to convert between formats. Thetranscoding may convert an active media stream to another format. Forexample, a call with two endpoints may natively use two differentcodecs. The transcoding service may convert one or two of the legs ofthe communication to a common or compatible media stream format.Additionally, the transcoding service may work to convert accessed mediaresources that are or will be used in a communication session. Forexample, an MP3 file accessed from a URI may be converted to a wave filefor playback during a phone call. The transcoding service preferablyaccepts a media stream in a first format and outputs a media stream in asecond format. The transcoding preferably is used on communication thatflows within the local region. The transcoding service may additionallybe used if communication flows between two different local regions (asopposed to including a third remote region just for the transcodingservice).

An input detection service functions to gather inputs of a communicationdevice. Preferably the input detection service collects DTMF inputs froma user. In the DTMF input detection variation, an audio stream andparameters of detection are preferably an input to the service.Parameters of DTMF detection can include timeout, a key to finishdetection on, number of digits, a callback URI to call after input iscaptured, and/or any suitable input. As an additional service, ananswering machine detection service may be used to identify an answeringmachine. The components of an answering machine detection service mayalternatively be integrated into the input detection service or anysuitable service.

Conferencing services preferably facilitate calls with more than twoendpoints connected. Various features of conference calls may be enabledthrough components of conferencing services. Additionally, aconferencing service may generate accessible API resources that can beused by applications to programmatically query and modify aspects ofin-progress or past conference calls. The API resources are preferablystreamed or transmitted to a remote region where consistentrepresentations of API resources are managed for a platform. Thispreferably functions to make API resources to be regionally/globallyconsistent despite media services handling communication processingwithin a local region. For example, a conference call may be in progressin Europe. The communication is preferably routed between multipleEuropean endpoints, possible communication gateways facilitating thesignaling, and a conferencing service in the European region. Data forconference call API resources is preferably communicated back to aremote region that is used in managing the API resources. Now if anapplication anywhere in the world queries for the in-progressconferencing resource and modifies the resource that occurs on aplatform consistent version of the API resource. The synchronouscommunication preferably avoids increased latency that may occur if thecommunication was routed to a remote region to a conferencing service,but the API resources used to programmatically interact with theconference call are maintained consistent in the platform.

A communication queuing service functions manage phone queues or, inother words, communication holding lines. Similar to the conference callabove, API resources for querying and managing a call queue may beaccessible within the platform. The data to support such API resourcesis preferably synchronized with the platform services and components ina remote region.

As mentioned above any suitable services may be implemented within alocal region. The media services used within a local region depend onthe use-case of the communication platform. While any of the above mediaservices or suitable alternative media services may used, the belowmethod primarily uses a recording service as an exemplary media servicebut any suitable media service may additionally or alternatively beused.

As shown in FIG. 16 , a service for processing communication media in aglobal of a preferred embodiment can include providing a communicationprocessing platform with components of at least two regions S510,routing communication to at least one media service of the local regionS520, tunneling a media stream to the remote region S530, and storingthe data of the media service S540. The method functions to enablecommunication media services within a local region. When deploying acommunication platform across geographically diverse regions, someservices can benefit by having low latency interactions with real-time,synchronous communication. In addition to providing the media serviceswith low latency, the method enables a platform to provide consistentdata across the platform. This is beneficial for maintaining consistentAPI resources. For example, recordings generated in local regions willbe available through a global API The method is preferably used incombination with the system and methods described above.

Block S510, which includes providing a communication processing platformwith components of at least two regions, functions to dynamically directcommunication traffic between two regions. The provided communicationprocessing platform is preferably substantially similar to the systemand methods described above. Communication can preferably be routedwithin a local region if resources are available in that region orcommunication can be routed between at least a local and remote regionto use the resources used during a communication session. Providingcommunication processing platform may include initializing signaling andmedia communication flow as described above. The subsequent steps beloware preferably used in the context where the media communication flow isestablished within a local region. In other words, media communicationflow is from at least one endpoint through a provider service of a firstregion and to at least a communication gateway. A one legged variationwhere only one outside endpoint is connected preferably uses at leastone media resource to act as the other endpoint (e.g., play audio and/orcollect input). Other variations, preferably involve a communicationsession having at least two outside endpoints connected. Thecommunication route preferably is from a first endpoint through aprovider service to a first communication gateway to a secondcommunication gateway and then through a provider service to the secondendpoint. Any suitable number of endpoints may additionally beconnected. Additionally, communication is additionally routed to a mediaservice as described below in Block S520.

Block S520, which includes routing communication to at least one mediaservice of the local region, functions to incorporate a media servicewith active communication. The media service may also be provided by aremote service as well as a local region. A benefit of using the mediaservice of the local region is that latency issues, quality of service,and other issues may be avoided by containing communication flow withina local region. A media service is preferably activated by acommunication-processing server (e.g., a call router) of a remote regiondeciding that a media process should be used. Thecommunication-processing server preferably signals to the communicationgateway of the local region to inform the communication gateway that itshould use, activate, or enable the media service. Preferably the signalis sent through a SIP control channel using SIP INFO. Additionally, somerecord within the remote region may initially be created by thecommunication-processing server. The record may be used in creation ofan API resource or for internal logic of the remote region. The recordis preferably stored in a database or some other suitable storagemechanism. In initializing the record, some information such as aresource ID or secure ID may be automatically generated before a mediaservice is notified. Record information such as account information,media resource ID, and other instructions may be included in the signalcommunication to the communication gateway in the local region. Forexample, if a call router encounters an instruction to record audio. Thecall router preferably creates a recording resource in the remoteregion; transmits a SIP INFO signal to a communication gateway managingthe endpoint in a remote region, wherein the SIP INFO also includesrecording instructions, the resource ID and account information.

The communication gateway preferably activates the media resource byconnecting the communication stream to the media service. Depending onthe type and use-case of the media service, the media service may be anintermediary service, a side service or an endpoint service. As anintermediary service, the media communication flow passes through themedia service. This may include a transformation of the media streambetween different legs of the communication. For example, a transcodingservice may convert the communication stream to a common compatiblemedia format. A side service is preferably an ancillary service that hasa communication stream pushed to the media service. The media servicemay be passively observing the communication stream such as in the caseof a recording service. The media service may alternatively activelyinteract with the communication stream such as if an input servicesignals the communication gateway that an input event was detected. Themedia service may additionally be a communicating endpoint of thecommunication session. For example, a media service for playing audiofiles and/or performing speech recognition may act as one leg of a phonecall. In the case of a recording service, the two streams of a mediacommunication are preferably merged and pushed to the recording resourceover HTTP. The stream is additionally stored in local disc of the localregion. The local disc storage functions as a backup in case of failure.In one variation, the media service of the local region is implementedas a static proxy of the media service and the media stream is tunneledfrom the static proxy to a service proxy and media service of a remoteregion as shown in FIG. 16 . A static proxy of a media service mayprovide temporary storage or processing capabilities. Long terms dataand more complicated asynchronous processing of a media service may bekept within remote regions. The static proxy preferably runs a servermode tunnel service (e.g., stunnel) and a load balancing service.

Block S530, which includes tunneling a media stream to the remoteregion, functions to transfer data for persistent storage in the remoteregion. Tunneling to the remote region is preferably used to updaterecords in the remote region. There may be several ways to accomplishthis. A first variation include tunneling of a media stream may includeestablishing VPN proxies that function to get around firewalls. Afirewall for HTTP is preferably opened to enable servers of the localregion push media streams to media services of the remote region. Asdescribed above, service proxy servers may be implemented within theremote region to receive incoming SSL-encrypted connections from localregions, terminate the SSL, and forward requests to an appropriate mediaservice of the remote region. Another variation may include cuttingdatabase dependence of a media service and promoting a resource of theremote region to update the database. Data generated in the mediaservice is preferably streamed from the local region to the remoteregion. In one variation, an existing SIP channel may be used as thesignaling and media channel for streaming media to the remote region.Special handling of SIP failures or media processing failures may usedto ensure updating of the database. Another variation would be to openup firewalls for the databases with records used by a media service.Measures are preferably with the communication link between the regionsto avoid a security risk of opening up firewalls for the databases.

Block S540, which includes storing the data of the media service,functions to store the data of the media service in a consistent andaccessible manner. The data is preferably stored within a remote regionthat is used at least in part as a core, central, or main sub-system ofthe platform. The remote region will preferably be a region where atleast part of state data of the platform is kept. There may need to benumerous local regions deployed to service different geographic regions.However, replicating and making the data consistent across each regionincreases complexity and cost of the platform. A subset of the regions,possibly even one or two regions, is preferably used as the centralregion where persistent data is stored. The persistent data may be usedwithin logic of the platform or alternatively used as accessibleresources available through an API, user interface, or other suitableinterface. Once the data from the media service of the local region hascompleted, the communication-processing server will preferably signalback to the local region over the signaling control channel to stop therecording. Alternatively, a media service in may signal to thecommunication gateway, which may contact a component of the remoteregion to indicate that the storing of the persistent data is complete.While storing of persistent data is used for some media services, somemedia services may not generate persistent data that requires storingoutside of the local region.

As shown in FIG. 16 , an implementation of the method may include mediacommunication being established within a local region as describedabove. A call router of a remote region may determine that a call shouldbe recorded. To initiate recording, the call router creates a newrecording record in a database, and uses SIP as a control channel tosend a SIP INFO signal to a communication gateway in the local region.The SIP INFO preferably includes information of a recording request suchas the account name and recording record secure ID. The communicationgateway then merges streams of an active call within the first regionand pushes the merged media stream over HTTP. A temporary or cachedversion of the recording may be stored locally. A static proxy componentpreferably uses the host header and pushes the stream to a serviceproxy. The service proxy is preferably configured to listen for changesin platform orchestration to determine the load balancing and mediaresources available.

Client Application Methods

As shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 , a method of the preferred embodiment caninclude registering a set of client application routes S602, receiving acommunication invitation of a first endpoint from a client applicationin a first region S610, processing a set of communication instructionsassociated with the communication invitation and identifying a set ofcommunication resources S640, querying registered routes of endpointsspecified in communication processing instructions S650, dynamicallydirecting signaling and media of the communication according tocommunication processing instructions and the resources available in atleast the first and second regions S630. Dynamically directing signalingand media of the communication can include selectively negotiating orotherwise establishing different routing scenarios. In one variation,S630 can include selectively routing media communication exclusivelythrough communication resources of the first region if media resourcesto execute the processing instructions are available in the first regionS632 and selectively routing media communication through at least thecommunication-processing server if media resources are not in the firstregion S634. As the method is preferably applied to client applications,media and optionally signaling can be negotiated to run through a pathoutside of the platform—to be a substantially peer-to-peer media path(P2P). The method functions to dynamically redirect traffic forsignaling and media across multiple regions. In one preferred variation,the method is used within a platform with a communication processingservice, wherein the method includes signaling the communicationinvitation to a communication-processing server in a second region S620.In this variation, the initial state of a communication session mayinitialize by accessing a communication-processing server of a centralregion and then appropriately re-negotiate a media path that factors inregional resource availability and requirements. In another variation,the initial state of a communication session starts with resourcecapacity scoped to the regions of the involved endpoints and thenelevates to include other regions if additional communication processingresources are required for a particular communication session. Themethod is preferably employed in a regionally/globally distributedcommunication platform that works with communication susceptible tolatency performance issues. The method can additionally be applied tohandling multiple client application instances, to providing datainsight into the client applications participating in thecommunications, exposing policy to apply targeted control over how mediaand signaling network topologies are established across differentregions.

The method is preferably substantially similar to the one describedabove. Blocks S620, S630, S632, and S634 can be substantially similar tothose described in blocks S220, S230, S232, S234, but method S600 ispreferably applied to at least one leg of communication involving aclient application. The method can be used for performing low latencyrouting for a client application communicating with a second clientapplication, with a media service, with a PSTN or other suitableendpoint, or communicating with any suitable endpoint. The method canadditionally or alternatively be used with any suitable variations,including the system and method variations described herein.Furthermore, the methods and systems for client communication caninclude any of the variations of media path variations such as thosedescribed in the system and method of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/278,993 filed 12 May 2014, which is hereby incorporated in itsentirety by this reference.

The method is preferably used to implement communication instructionprocessing with a communication stream between the first and secondregion, and when a media communication stream can flow exclusivelythrough the first region, dynamically establishing the communicationflow to not flow through intermediary media resources of the secondregion, but instead to use media resources of the first region. Forexample, the method is preferably applied when a client applicationcalls a communication application endpoint in a first region; therelevant application is processed; and the communication applicationconnects the calling client application to a second client applicationwhile localizing media flow within the region of the first and secondclient applications. The method is preferably implemented through asystem that preferably includes client gateways and at least oneregional border proxies that reside in each supported region and acommunication-processing server, a registrar proxy, and a locationregistrar service.

Block S602, which includes registering client application endpointroutes, functions to create a record of client application locations. Aclient application endpoint route is preferably registered when a clientapplication associated with a particular endpoint comes online (e.g.,becomes active on the communication platform), when the clientapplication changes location/routes, or needs to update routeinformation. The set of client application endpoint routes can includeregistering at least one instance of a client gateway route for aregistered endpoint within the platform. The set of client applicationendpoint routes can include registration of multiple edge resources(e.g., client gateways) distributed across multiple regions. In thescenario where one endpoint will communication with a second endpoint,the method includes at least registering first and second client gatewayroute of a first and second endpoint. The first and second clientgateway routes can be in the same or different regions. A clientapplication in a first region will preferably establish a media andsignaling connection with a client gateway of a local region. DNS orother mechanisms can be employed to direct a client application to anappropriate client gateway. The client application may connect to theclient gateway through a load balancer.

The client gateway can then use a system-wide signaling protocol such asSIP to negotiate communication at the appropriate time. The clientgateway will preferably communicate with a regional border proxy ininteracting with platform resources outside of the local region. Theregional border proxy uses internal configuration to communicate with aregional border proxy of a main region. The route information to accessthe client application can then be stored in the main region. A locationregistrar service preferably facilitates receiving route information andrecording/registering the client application route. The locationregistrar service is preferably hosted or operable within a main region.The main region is preferably a region that includes acommunication-processing server. The communication-processing serverpreferably maintains state of execution of a communication application,and can be more expensive (from an operational cost, infrastructurecomplexity, and/or feasibility perspective) to duplicate in everyregion. Registering the client application route in a centralizedlocation registrar service allows active client applications managed invarious infrastructure regions to be integrated into a globalcommunication platform. Route information additionally includes a clientdestination endpoint identifier that can be used to query and identifythe client application as an endpoint.

Client applications in different regions preferably register routes,such that for any valid endpoint identifier a route can be provided.Additionally, the location registrar can maintain the state ofendpoints. State of an endpoint can include, active, offline, idle/away,or any suitable status. Additionally, a client application endpoint canbe registered for multiple instances. The method will includeregistering multiple instances of client application endpoint routes foran endpoint. The different instances can be registered with differentroute information. For example, a user can activate a native applicationon a mobile device at the same time the user has the same accountactivated on a browser of a different computing device. When multipleinstances are registered dynamically directing signaling and media ofthe communication S630 can include selecting a client applicationendpoint instance of the second endpoint according to an instanceprioritization policy, which functions to select an appropriate instancefor use with a given communication. The instance prioritization policycan depend on prioritizing media path performance (e.g., minimizinglatency, increasing call quality, minimizing call cost, etc.),prioritizing user preference of a client application instance (e.g.,user history of instance activity, defined rules of where to call first,etc.), or other suitable ways of differentiating between multipleinstances. For example, a call directed at the client applicationendpoint can initiate parallel calls to both instances and the first oneto respond gets connected. Similarly, a presence server can be used todynamically select a preferred instance to receive a call inbound to theendpoint. While the method describes a process to connect a first clientapplication in a first region with a second client application also inthe first region, the approach of the method can be generalized to applyto connecting client applications or any type of endpoint in the same ordifferent region.

Block S610, which includes receiving a communication invitation of afirst endpoint from a client application in a first region, functions tohave a client application initialize a call or communication session.The client application preferably uses a real-time communicationprotocol to establish signaling and media channels through a clientgateway. The client gateway is preferably a local client gateway in thesame region as the device of the client application. Route optimizingDNS can be employed or leveraged to select an appropriate clientgateway.

In a first variation of a first region, receiving a communicationinvitation of a client application in a first region can includereceiving a connection request from a first client application,verifying at least one parameter of the communication request, mergingthe real time communication of the client with real time communicationof a communication destination (e.g., the communication-processingserver). Establishing a connecting between the client application andthe gateway is preferably substantially similar to the client describedin U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/054,254, filed 15 Oct. 2013,which is hereby incorporated in its entirety by this reference.

In a second variation of a main region, the communication invitation ofthe first endpoint is received at the communication-processing server.The communication invitation can include registered route informationfrom the client application in a first region. The communicationinvitation is preferably received through the regional border proxy ofthe main region.

Block S640, which includes processing a set of communicationinstructions associated with the communication invitation andidentifying a set of communication resources, functions to process howthe communication invitation should be processed. In one preferredvariation, the processing of communication instructions is performed atthe communication-processing server upon the signaling the communicationinvitation to the communication-processing server S620. A preferredscenario would have the first client gateway of the first endpoint in aregion that is distinct from the region of the communication-processingserver—the signaling at least has to initially span to at least a secondregion. In another variation, the communication invitation may includedata that conveys communication instructions. For example, thecommunication invitation may specify a client endpoint to connect to.Processing a set of communication instructions is preferably mapped toat least a subset of the communication-processing resources. The subsetof communication-processing resources includes signaling and/or mediaresources requested to act on the communication session. Thecommunication-processing resources can include a communicationapplication processor, a media recording service, a transcoding service,a text-to-speech service, a transcription service or any suitableservice, and/or any suitable type of communication processing service.

Block S650, which includes querying registered routes of endpointsspecified in communication processing instructions, functions todetermine a location of a specified destination endpoint. A registrarproxy server is preferably operated within the main region where thecommunication-processing server is located. The registrar proxy servercommunicates an identifier of the intended destination communicationendpoint. The identifier is preferably a name or number that is used toaddress or specify the intended communication destination. Theidentifier can be used to access an associated route if an instance of aclient application is active for that identifier. As mentioned before,multiple instances of a client application can be simultaneously active.Multiple routes can be selected. Alternatively a route or routes can beselected according to a suitable heuristic such as application instanceprioritization, user preference, location, usage history, presenceinformation, or any suitable type of heuristic. Querying registeredroutes preferably resolves by identifying at least one regional route ofa second endpoint. The second endpoint is preferably a communicationdestination to which the first endpoint will be connected. The route ispreferably used in block S632 to establish a media channel between theoriginal communication endpoint and the destination communicationendpoint. The media channel preferably short circuits use of extraneousresources, such as a communication-processing server, which can resultin a media channel passing through the main region when not required.

Block S630, which includes dynamically directing signaling and media ofthe communication according to the regional availability of thecommunication resources, the client application route of the firstendpoint, and the client gateway route of the second endpoint, functionsto interpret the communication processing instructions into negotiatedsignaling and media to appropriately use the resources available in atleast regions of the platform. In block S620, an application ispreferably processed and executed for the connected client application.Instructions of the application can direct various actions. One type ofaction is performing media-related action between a service of theplatform and the connected endpoint (e.g., a caller connected to anautomated phone service). Other types of actions can connect at leasttwo communication endpoints. When an instruction depends on the platformproviding a media service, the signaling and media is routedappropriately between regions to provide the media service. For example,TIS instructions can be executed that direct execution of a media actionfacilitated from a service. In such a state, the media channel can berouted through the first region and a TIS media service in the mainregion. Signaling and media communication can alternatively be routed inany suitable manner depending on the availability of media services in aregion. When an application instruction directs connecting acommunication endpoint with a second communication endpoint, thesignaling and media channels are directed to take a preferred paththrough the regions.

Block S630 can result in various signaling and media routing scenarios.The selected scenario preferably depends on required and/or requestedcommunication resources (e.g., media resources and/or signalingresources) and the region location of the client gateway instances to beused for involved endpoints. The signaling can be setup with a topologythat differs from the media as shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B. The mediapath can have a greater impact on user experience, and in one variationonly the media path is considered in the dynamic directing. At leastthree different modes of media routing can be achieved which can includedifferent variations and sub-combinations. The set ofcommunication-processing resources will preferably include a non-emptyset of media-processing resources that operate as intermediary nodes ina media path of the communication. Block S630 will negotiate a mediapath that satisfies a routing policy for a media topology that includesthe client application of the first endpoint, the client application ofthe second endpoint, and at least the media-processing resources. In onevariation, the negotiated media path will preferably satisfy a routingpolicy for a media topology that minimizes number of regions. In anothervariation, it is the latency, media stream quality, internal cost ofstreaming media, customer cost of streaming media, or any suitablemetric or metrics that can be used in selecting a path. In onevariation, a routing policy can be customized and set as describedbelow.

A first mode of signaling and media direction can be multi-regionalrouting, where media spans multiple regions to access communicationprocessing resources and/or client gateway instances. In a firstvariation, the multi-regional routing is used to access communicationprocessing resources not available in a region of an involved endpoint.In particular, in a communication application platform one type ofcommunication-processing server may be exclusive to a central region (orregions), and block S630 can include routing media communication throughat least the communication-processing server if media resources are notin the first region S634 as shown in the exemplary media topologies ofFIGS. 22C, 22D, 22E. In another variation, the endpoints may be indifferent regions, and in yet another variation, acommunication-processing server may be in a region other than a centralregion but also not in the region of an involved client gateway instancesuch as in the exemplary topology shown in FIG. 22B. A second mode ofsignaling and media direction can be a local routing, wherein media iskept within a single region and short circuits a path through otherregions as shown in the exemplary media topologies of FIG. 22A. Morespecifically, a local routing mode can include routing mediacommunication exclusively through communication resources of the firstregion when the set of communications resources to execute thecommunication instructions are available in the first region S632. Alocal routing mode preferably depends on the involved endpoints of acommunication to be connected through a client gateway instance in thesame region (what resources are mapped to the instructions for thecommunication session, and then the signaling and media is routedappropriately between regions to integrate the communication-processingresources into the media path. For example, the regional route of thedestination endpoint is in the first region of the calling endpoint. Inyet a third mode, dynamically directing signaling and media of thecommunication can include establishing P2P connection, which can be anoption when both the client application endpoints are in a networkingcontext that allows P2P media paths, and where there are nocommunication-processing resources required from the platform as shownin FIGS. 22I and 22J. In one variation, a communication-processingresource may be delegated to one of the client applications. This P2Pmode can include negotiating a peer-to-peer media path between the firstendpoint and the second endpoint as shown in FIG. 24 . Other suitablemedia topologies can additionally be established such as branches tooutside resources as shown in exemplary media topologies of FIGS. 22Fand 22G. Additionally, an arbitrary number of endpoints can be handledwherein different branches of each media path can be selectedindependently or as a whole as shown in the exemplary media topology ofFIG. 22H.

Block S632, which includes selectively routing media communicationexclusively through communication resources of the first region whenmedia resources to execute the processing instructions are available inthe first region, functions to isolate media channel communication torelevant regions. The destination communication endpoint can be in anysuitable region relative to the original communication endpoint. Ageneral approach, selectively routing media communication exclusivelythrough communication resources of the first region includesestablishing, inviting, or re-inviting the original communicationendpoint to communicate with the destination communication endpointthrough a media channel that passes between the application originalclient application, a first client gateway, a second client gateway andthe destination communication. In a first exemplary scenario, theoriginal client application and the destination communication endpointare both in the first region. In a second exemplary scenario, theoriginal client application is in the first region, the destinationendpoint is in a second region, and the first region and the secondregion are different from the main region with thecommunication-processing server. In the first and second exemplaryscenarios, the media signaling can short circuit, hop or otherwise avoidrouting through the main region. In a third exemplary scenario, thedestination communication endpoint is in the main region. In such anexemplary scenario, the media channel can route through thecommunication-processing server or alternatively route around thecommunication-processing server.

The registrar proxy can facilitate establishing the media channel. Theregistrar can use the queried route to invite the destinationcommunication endpoint. The signaling channel is preferably maintainedwith the communication-processing server after the media channel isrouted for regional low latency. The signaling channel can enable APIinitiated actions established at the platform to be acted on by thecommunication-processing server. For example, if a call is establishedbetween two client applications in the first region and an outsideentity makes an API call to redirect the caller to another destinationduring the call, the signaling channel can be used to tear down theestablished media channel and establish a new media channel in asubstantially a similar manner.

Additionally the method can include registering a set of clientapplication endpoint routes further comprises logging client applicationinformation S660, which functions to collect data through which thestate of client application status and history can be understood andused in augmenting operation as shown in FIG. 25 . Logging clientapplication information preferably collects additional meta-data abouteach connected instance. The meta-data can include device type, clientapplication type, regional association, media stream type, mediabandwidth capabilities, device capabilities, actual/approximategeographic location, network location information (e.g., IP address),and/or any suitable type of information. As a client application maychange networks as a user moves, the history of changes for a clientapplication instance can additionally be logged. The logged informationcan be stored in a raw format or may be processed into more a higherlevel data model. AS described above the client applications of anendpoint preferably communicate media over an internet protocol, but theset of client applications and devices may vary greatly. Some clientapplication endpoints may be running through a web browser client; somemay be native applications, some may be on mobile devices, and some maybe hosted on a dedicated computer. The type of media can additionallyvary, wherein the set of different media types can include audio, video,multimedia, and/or any suitable type of real-time stream.

The logged client application information can be used in a variety ofways. In one variation, the information is used internally for dataanalytics and/or setting new routing policies. In another variation, asubset or all of the information can be exposed to appropriate accounts.Client application information and associated communication sessions canbe exposed through an application programming interface (API). Inanother variation, a user interface/dashboard can be used incommunicating data concerning the client application information. Theamount of data is preferably scoped to only data of one particularaccount or subaccount. However, global data from across the platform maybe exposed in some manner.

As mentioned above, another variation of the method can include settinga routing policy of at least one account in the platform. In thisvariation dynamically directing signaling and media can include applyingthe routing policy of the account on routing to communication endpointsand media resources. Routing policies may set what metrics areprioritized when selecting regional media topology. More specifically,routing policies includes rules defining regional resource preference asshown in FIG. 26 . A routing policy can be set per account, persub-account, per endpoint, per region (e.g., for calls made from aregion or for being terminated in a region), for time of day, or for anysuitable subset of communication. In another variation, particularregions can be prohibited, prioritized, or otherwise weighted. Forexample, a routing policy of one account may prevent resources of oneregion from being used, which forces media to not pass through thatregion. In another example, an account may set all media to exclusivelyroute media through one of a subset of the available regions.

As a person skilled in the art will recognize from the previous detaileddescription and from the figures and claims, modifications and changescan be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention withoutdeparting from the scope of this invention defined in the followingclaims.

What is claimed:
 1. A method comprising: associating a first clientgateway device of a first geographic region and a second client gatewaydevice of a second geographic region with a first communication endpointof a first client device; associating a third client gateway device witha second client device, wherein the third client gateway device is agateway of the first geographic region; receiving a communicationinvitation directed to the first communication endpoint from the secondclient device via the third client gateway device; responsive toreceiving the communication invitation, selecting one of the firstclient gateway device or the second client gateway device; andestablishing a communication path between the second client device andthe first client device via the selected client gateway device and thethird client gateway device.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein one ofthe first client gateway device or the second client gateway device isselected based on one or more of user preference, geographic location orusage hi story information.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein theselected client gateway device has a same geographic region as the thirdclient gateway device.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the firstclient gateway device, the second client gateway device and the thirdclient gateway device are operable to provide real-time mediacommunication over an internet protocol.
 5. The method of claim 4,wherein the media communication comprises at least one of audio mediastream communication or video media stream communication.
 6. The methodof claim 1, wherein the selected client gateway device is dynamicallyupdated according to a change in at least one of user preference,geographic location, usage history information or presence information.7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: responsive to selection ofthe first client gateway device, negotiating a peer-to-peer media pathbetween the second client device and the first client device via thefirst client gateway device and the third client gateway device, whereinthe first client gateway device provides media communication of thepeer-to-peer media path to the third client gateway device, and thethird client gateway device provides media communication of thepeer-to-peer media path to the first client gateway device.
 8. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising: responsive to selection of thesecond client gateway device, negotiating a peer-to-peer media pathbetween the second client device and the first client device via thesecond client gateway device and the third client gateway device,wherein the second client gateway device provides media communication ofthe peer-to-peer media path to the third client gateway device, and thethird client gateway device provides media communication of the firstpeer-to-peer media path to the second client gateway device.
 9. A systemcomprising: a memory; and one or more processors, coupled to the memory,to perform operations comprising: associating a first client gatewaydevice of a first geographic region and a second client gateway deviceof a second geographic region with a first communication endpoint of afirst client device; associating a third client gateway device with asecond client device, wherein the third client gateway device is agateway of the first geographic region; receiving a communicationinvitation directed to the first communication endpoint from the secondclient device via the third client gateway device; responsive toreceiving the communication invitation, selecting one of the firstclient gateway device or the second client gateway device; andestablishing a communication path between the second client device andthe first client device via the selected client gateway device and thethird client gateway device.
 10. The system of claim 9, wherein one ofthe first client gateway device or the second client gateway device isselected based on one or more of user preference, geographic location orusage hi story information.
 11. The system of claim 9, wherein theselected client gateway device has a same geographic region as the thirdclient gateway device.
 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the firstclient gateway device, the second client gateway device and the thirdclient gateway device are operable to provide real-time mediacommunication over an internet protocol.
 13. The system of claim 12,wherein the media communication comprises at least one of audio mediastream communication or video media stream communication.
 14. The systemof claim 9, wherein the selected client gateway device is dynamicallyupdated according to a change in at least one of user preference,geographic location, usage history information or presence information.15. The system of claim 9, the operations further comprising: responsiveto selection of the first client gateway device, negotiating apeer-to-peer media path between the second client device and the firstclient device via the first client gateway device and the third clientgateway device, wherein the first client gateway device provides mediacommunication of the peer-to-peer media path to the third client gatewaydevice, and the third client gateway device provides media communicationof the peer-to-peer media path to the first client gateway device. 16.The system of claim 9, the operations further comprising: responsive toselection of the second client gateway device, negotiating apeer-to-peer media path between the second client device and the firstclient device via the second client gateway device and the third clientgateway device, wherein the second client gateway device provides mediacommunication of the peer-to-peer media path to the third client gatewaydevice, and the third client gateway device provides media communicationof the first peer-to-peer media path to the second client gatewaydevice.
 17. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storinginstructions that, when executed by one or more computer processors of acommunication gateway, cause the communication gateway to performoperations comprising: associating a first client gateway device of afirst geographic region and a second client gateway device of a secondgeographic region with a first communication endpoint of a first clientdevice; associating a third client gateway device with a second clientdevice, wherein the third client gateway device is a gateway of thefirst geographic region; receiving a communication invitation directedto the first communication endpoint from the second client device viathe third client gateway device; responsive to receiving thecommunication invitation, selecting one of the first client gatewaydevice or the second client gateway device; and establishing acommunication path between the second client device and the first clientdevice via the selected client gateway device and the third clientgateway device.
 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim17, wherein one of the first client gateway device or the second clientgateway device is selected based on one or more of user preference,geographic location or usage history information.
 19. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the selected clientgateway device has a same geographic region as the third client gatewaydevice.
 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 17,wherein the first client gateway device, the second client gatewaydevice and the third client gateway device are operable to providereal-time media communication over an internet protocol.